Resume
(TSA) presentent le tableau complet des comportements sexuels. Cependant, certaines personnes ayant un TSA peuvent developper des interets et comportements sexuels hypernormaux ou non standard, a cause des symptomes fondamentaux du difficulty, comme les deficits de socialisation, les hyposensibilites et hypersensibilites et les comportements repetitifs. Apres une analyse de la litterature pertinente sur la sexualite des personnes ayant un TSA de haut niveau, nous presentons des donnees nouvelles, dilemmas de notre propre etude sur la frequence des comportements sexuels normaux et sur l’evaluation des comportements et fantasmes hypersexuels et paraphiliques chez les personnes ayant un TSA: celles-ci semblent avoir de tels comportements plus souvent que les etudes de populace generale ne le suggerent. Cependant, cet ecart est principalement le fait des findings des participants masculins ayant un TSA, peut-etre parce que les femmes ayant un TSA sont habituellement plus adaptees socialement et moins symptomatiques. Les particularites des comportements sexuels des patients ayant un TSA devraient etre prises en charge a la fois pour une education sexuelle et des approches therapeutiques.
Introduction
Autism range problems (ASD) are neurodevelopmental problems that comprise a heterogeneous number of conditions, that are described as impairments in social connection and interaction, along with repetitive and stereotyped passions and habits. 1 Reported prevalence rates have actually increased markedly in recent years (up to 1% life time prevalence), with an increase of and more adults being clinically determined to have ASD. 2 the assumption is that the male-to-female-ratio is between 3 and 4 to at least one, 3 and there occur specific sex variations in ASD. 4 Although nearly half of an individual with ASD aren’t intellectually weakened and have now normal cognitive and language abilities (such as for instance people with high-functioning autism or Asperger problem), the social conversation and communication deficits and problems in seeing the viewpoint of others and intuitively understanding nonverbal social cues constitute concealed obstacles towards the growth of intimate and intimate relationships. 5,6 problems that are sexuality-related arise, specially at the beginning of puberty, an occasion if the growth of ASD people’ social abilities cannot continue with increasing social needs, therefore the challenges of developing intimate and sexual relationships become especially obvious. 7
Studies on sex in individuals with ASD
About a decade following the formal entry of autism within the 3rd edition associated with Diagnostic and Statistical handbook of Mental Disorders (DSM-III) in 1980, the initial systematic studies in the sex of clients with ASD had been published. 8-11 the state that is current of on intimate experiences, intimate habits, intimate attitudes, or intimate familiarity with ASD individuals is pretty mixed, with a few studies finding distinctions from healthier settings (HCs) while some try not to. Nonetheless, because of the heterogeneous nature for the condition range additionally the diverse clinical methodology for the studies, it is not astonishing. Past research reports have: (i) included feminine and/or patients that are male domestic settings with presumably more impairments much less possibilities for intimate experiences; (ii) dedicated to persons with intellectual impairments or other comorbid developmental disabilities, thus causing confounding effects; (iii) used internet surveys in which just higher-functioning individuals took part; (iv) relied on reports from members of the family and care-givers or through the clients by themselves; and (v) examined those with ASD in numerous age brackets.
These studies declare that many people with ASD seek intimate and intimate relationships just like the population that is non-ASD and also have the entire spectral range of intimate experiences and habits. 12-18 nevertheless, there are stereotypes that are many societal values about those with ASD, talking about them as tired of social and intimate relationships and also as being asexual. 10,19,20 dining dining Table I presents a synopsis of studies evaluating different factors of sex in young and older grownups with high-functioning autism, based on self-report questionnaires. 11,12,15,21-33 We particularly concentrated the literary works review on these scholarly studies because their methodology corresponds to your research approach found in the research provided right right here. The research presented in dining dining Table we make sure sex does matter in ASD people, plus it becomes clear that the entire spectral range of intimate experiences and actions is represented in this team. 11-13,15,20-31
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All the hitherto research that is existing centered on males, and few research reports have addressed gender-specific problems concerning social, psychological, and intellectual domain names, as well as less studies occur examining sex separately in women and men with ASD. 12,13,20,32 The few medical findings 32 in addition to small group of systematic studies suggest that ladies with ASD might provide less pronounced social and communication deficits and also have unique passions which are more appropriate into the passions of the peer groups. 33-36 moreover, females with ASD appear to use coping techniques, such as for example imitating the social abilities of these non-ASD peers, consequently being more socially unobtrusive. 34 Regarding sexuality-related dilemmas, ladies with ASD appear to have poorer quantities of general intimate functioning, feel less well in intimate relationships than do males with ASD, and so are also at greater threat of learning to be a target of intimate attack or punishment. 37 men with ASD had been discovered to interact more in solitary intimate tasks, 11-14,18,37 along with to possess a better desire to have sexual and intimate relationships 20; nonetheless, there was some proof that females with ASD, despite having reduced desire that is sexual more frequently take part in dyadic relationships. 13
